Téma: Australia, New Zealand and Washington D.C.
Predmet: Angličtina
Zaslal(a): Manas
Australia – Commonwealth of Australia
- prior to the first arrivalof Dutch explorers in the early 17th century,
- Abel Tasman named it New Holland in 1644 (also Tasman sea + Tasmania)
- In 1770 James Cook wrote that he had claimed the east coast of Australia for what was then the Kingdom of Great Britain and named it New South Wales declaration was made unilaterally and without any consultation with First Inhabitants
- Fights between Eu. + Ab. – thousands of deads (eu. Better weapons)
- in 1830 renamed to Australia (thanks to English cartographer + sound of the prev. Name was terrible for him)
- Its colonies federated in 1901, meaning it is a very young country.
- Australia is an island continent made up of six states and two mainland territories (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania)
- capital city of Australia is Canberra
- 90% of Australians live on the coast. …
- Tasmania has the cleanest air in the world. …
- The Great Barrier Reef is the largest eco-system in the world. …
- The population of 26 million
Animals
- Koala
- Kangaroo
- Tasman devil
- Emu
- Dingo
Rivers
- Darling
- Murray
- Murrumbidgee
New Zealand
- OFFICIAL NAME: New Zealand/Aotearoa (Maori)
- CAPITAL: Wellington (212 000 inh.) (Auckland 1.65 mil inh., Queenstown)
- POPULATION: 4,5 mil
- OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: English/Maori
- MONEY: New Zealand dollar
- MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES: Southern Alps
- MAJOR RIVERS: Buller, Rakaia, Waitaki
HISTORY:
- The first European explorer known to sight New Zealand was Dutch navigator Abel Tasman on 13 December 1642.
- most contact between Māori and European was peaceful.
BASIC INFORMATION
- New Zealand is a remote, mountainous group of islands in the southeaster Pacific Ocean. The two main islands, North and South Islands,
- New Zealand has more than 50 volcanoes, some of which are still active today.
- The South Island is home to the highest mountain peak in New Zealand Mount Cook, which rises (3,754 meters)
- New Zealanders, or „Kiwis“ as they are called Today, most Kiwis are no longer farmers, with 86 percent of the population living in cities.
- The Maori named the country, Aotearoa, „The Land of the Long White Cloud.“
- Rugby is the favourite sport and nearly everyone cheers on the national team, the All Blacks. 16x times champions (cricket too)
- Because of its remote location, New Zealand is rich in unusual wildlife not seen anywhere else in the world. Nearly all the land animals are birds and many of these species have lost the ability to fly. The Maori people and European settlers introduced animals to the islands and the flightless birds had no defence against them.
Washington D.C.
- The capital of the USA
- Inhabitants: 750 000
President George Washington chose the site of the city in 1791, and Washington replaced Philadelphia as the nation´s capital in 1800. The city was named in honour of G. Washington.
Location:
- in the southeast of the USA, on the river Potomac, between Maryland and Virginia, the only city that is not a part of a state, it covers the area of the District of Columbia (D.C.) and it is under the jurisdiction of the federal government
Important places:
- the seat of the federal government, the President, the Congress, the Supreme Court
Parts of Washington:
- Northwest, Northeast, Southwest and Southeast – each section is named for its direction from the Capitol
West-central part of the city:
- The White House (serves as the home for every U.S. president except G. Washington, 132 rooms – some are open to the public)
- The United State Capitol (U.S. Congress makes the nation´s laws)
- The Lincoln Memorial
- The Supreme Court building (resembles a Greek Temple)
- The Jefferson Memorial
- The Washington Monument
- The Marine Corps War Memorial
- The Library of Congress (includes about 98 million items)
- Ford´s Theatre (A. Lincoln was shot there)
- No skyscrapers – so it looks like the city in Europe.
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